January 2024
Five Years Post Disaster of Central Sulawesi
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
The disasters of 2018 significantly altered the way development is planned and executed in Central Sulawesi. The community has become more aware and informed about their vulnerability to earthquakes, tsunamis, and liquefaction in their region. The government has also become more cautious in formulating spatial plans and construction permits. Central Sulawesi is just one of many disaster-prone areas in Indonesia. Other regions, such as Aceh, West Sumatra, Yogyakarta Special Region, and West Nusa Tenggara, have also experienced earthquakes and tsunamis, resulting in a significant number of casualties and severe damage to buildings and infrastructure.
In addition to natural disasters, Indonesia is currently facing a non-natural disaster categorized as a national-scale event—the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also altered societal behaviors and habits in the era of the new normal. We delve deeper into how we can learn from the post-disaster situation in Palu, Sigi, and Donggala, raise awareness of the dangers around us, and build resilience in facing future disasters. Sooner or later, disasters will strike us, in similar or different forms. However, what will be different from before is our resilience, awareness, and response to these disasters.
Achievement
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Published newsletter
April 2022
Independent Evaluation for The Indonesia Infrastructure Support Trust Fund
Partner/Client : Kota Kita and World Bank
Description
WWith continuous economic growth making Indonesia the largest economy in Southeast Asia, one of the main and most urgent challenges is closing the country’s wide infrastructure gap (estimated at USD 1.5 trillion by the World Bank). Among the initiatives launched to contribute to financing infrastructure projects in the past two decades is the Indonesia Infrastructure Support (INIS) Trust Fund, which was established in 2008. It aimed to increase the quality and quantity of Indonesia’s infrastructure by supporting the technical and financial structuring of investments and policies.
Funded by the Government of Australia and managed by the World Bank, INIS ran for 13 years, from 2008 to 2021. Now that INIS TF has ended, the evaluation aimed to assess the Trust Fund management and the activities conducted, drawing on a mixed methods approach and integration of secondary and interview data. Overall, it was assessed that INIS has satisfactorily achieved the outcomes it was created for, namely contributing to increasing the quality and quantity of Indonesia’s infrastructure by encouraging investments by the GoI and Development Banks, influencing GoI’s policy decisions and reforms.
Achievement
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Evaluation Report
December 2020 - February 2021
Study of the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI) Piloting in Indonesia
Partner/Client : Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)
Description
The primary purpose of this study is to undertake research and make recommendations about the feasibility of implementing CREDI in Indonesia. The study generated evidence about the validity and reliability of the CREDI in the Indonesian Context. The sample is from 2 different districts/provinces, Bogor district (West Java) and Kupang district (East Nusa Tenggara). The study used self-completed online questionnaires that were done through an online platform.
Achievement
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Open Data Kit (ODK) collection tools for the survey in Bogor and Kupang
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Data cleaning and preliminary data analysis
September - December 2020
Study of Architecture Design and Synergy System of the New National Construction Services Development Board
Partner/Client : Ministry of Public Works and Housing Indonesia
Description
This study focused on assessing the new structure of the LPJK aligned with the changing function and role of LPJK as stipulated in the new Government Regulation No 22 of 2020. In the past, LPJK was part of the public domain and the main driver of society. Then, in the new era of the new Construction Services Law, LPJK became part of the government to carry out some of the authorities of the Central Government. This study prepared the LPJK strategic plan for the transition period 2021-2024 and suggested four stages of internalization, implementation, innovation, and determination to support the establishment of the new organization.
Achievement
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Final Report of Study
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Exploring the history and role of LPJK from the institutional aspect,
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Identifying the roles and functions of LPJK in carrying out and encouraging construction services,
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Exploring various views of stakeholders in seeing the duties and roles of LPJK
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Identifying the profile of the institution in accordance with the law
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Analyzing the SWOT of the institution
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Developing new institutional frameworks and systems
September - December 2020
Study of the New Institutional Development for the New National Construction Services Development Board
Partner/Client : Ministry of Public Works and Housing Indonesia
Description
Construction services are one of the strategic sectors in Indonesia in achieving national development goals. One part of the construction services regulated in Law 18/1999 is the role of the construction service community known as the Construction Services Development Agency (LPJK). The development of LPJK, per Law No. 2 of 2017, is entering a new era with the change in the organizational structure, which was previously entirely part of the community and is now under the Ministry of PUPR. This activity identified and evaluated the role and function of LPJK from 2000 to 2020, then assessed the organizational design of LPJK in carrying out its duties and tasks in construction services.
Achievement
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Historical analysis of the LPJK from the institutional aspect,
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Identifying the roles and functions of LPJK in carrying out and encouraging construction services,
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Exploring various views of stakeholders in seeing the duties and roles of LPJK
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Identifying the profile of the institution in accordance with the law
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Analyzing the SWOT of the institution
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Developing new institutional frameworks and systems
September 2020
Two Years Post Disaster of Central Sulawesi
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
Two years have passed, not a short and easy time for the survivors of the earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction disasters in Central Sulawesi. Some of them have recovered from the trauma, while others cannot forget it. Some still live in tents and temporary shelters, some rent homes and hope for permanent housing assistance, and some are beginning to rebuild their lives. Others have fully recovered from the grief they once experienced.
Through this special newsletter, the Indonesian Infrastructure Study Center aims to depict the conditions of the survivors and the progress of rehabilitation and reconstruction in post-disaster Central Sulawesi. We hope that through this newsletter, every reader can understand the situation of our brothers and sisters in Central Sulawesi. Each of their stories can serve as valuable lessons in facing and rebuilding life after a disaster.
Achievement
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Published newsletter
August 2020
Covid-19: Reviewing the Understanding of Disaster Resilience in Urban Area
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
The global challenges of climate change and increased disaster risk increasingly affect various aspects of life, including the risk of virus transmission to humans. In 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic was perceived as unexpected despite the Spanish Flu having occurred a century ago (WHO, 2020).
PSII conducted a qualitative study to determine the perspectives of affected communities as individuals, community groups, and organizations or business entities in dealing with the pandemic as an 'unprecedented event.' The results show ambiguity from the COVID-19 event in the perspective of disasters generally related to physical events, such as earthquakes, floods, and droughts. The COVID-19 event made people quickly acquire new knowledge and habits. We see that incoherent and chaotic responses can create a sense of insecurity for the community, whereas taking into account the social context, capacity, and behavior of the community can support the creation of resilience in urban areas.
Achievement
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Policy Brief: Re-thinking the Understanding of Resilience to Disasters in Urban Areas: Lessons learnt from the COVID-19 Pandemic
May 2020
the NEW Capital City of Indonesia
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
The relocation of the national capital has become one of the most widely discussed topics in social media and public spaces. The move is no longer just a discourse, as President Joko Widodo has demonstrated its seriousness for quite some time. In 2017, the Minister of National Development Planning (Bappenas) stated that Jakarta incurred losses of IDR 65 trillion due to traffic congestion. At that time, the congestion in Jakarta triggered renewed discussions about relocating the capital.
On April 29, 2019, the government announced its decision to move the capital to the island of Kalimantan, followed by a direct inspection by President Jokowi on May 9, 2019. On August 8, 2019, the government again announced the possibility of three provinces being potential candidates for the new capital. Subsequently, President Joko Widodo openly sought permission, through a state address delivered one day before the 74th Independence Day of the Republic of Indonesia, from the People's Consultative Assembly and millions of Indonesians to relocate the capital to Kalimantan. Finally, on August 26, 2019, the President officially declared that the new capital would be moved to Penajam Paser Utara and Kutai Kartanegara districts.
The Indonesian Infrastructure Research Center assisted the MPWH to discuss several crucial aspects that should be the focus when building a new capital. We certainly do not want to build a city that eventually becomes unfit and uncomfortable for habitation.
Achievement
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Published newsletter
February 2020
Study of Universal Pre-Primary Education in the District of Bogor, West Java Province (endline)
Partner/Client : Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)
Description
The endline study represents the final phase of modelling universal pre-primary education in the district of Bogor, West Java Province. In this phase, the study aimed to quantitatively analyze retention and learning changes among respondents who participated in the baseline study in 2017 and the midline study in 2019. The analysis sought to determine the impacts on education and growth by assessing changes in learning environments and gathering users' opinions about the program intervention. Finally, the results and analysis presented lessons learned, providing input to assist the government in overcoming specific obstacles to achieving high-quality early childhood development.
PSII supported the endline study in several activities, including designing the tools for the survey and deploying the questionnaire using the KOBO toolbox, establishing the operational procedure for field data collection, as well as recruiting and training the enumerators. Upon the completion of data collection, the PSII team provided descriptive and longitudinal analysis to show the learning changes.
Achievement
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Established KOBO ODK Collect Toolbox for data collection
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Developed operational procedure for the data collection and verification process
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Recruited and trained 50+ enumerators for quantitative data collection
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Longitudinal analysis of the early childhood learning changes
July - December 2019
Multilateral Loan Evaluation and Criteria Formulation for AmendingMultilateral Loan and Grant Agreement (2019)
Partner/Client : Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS)
Description
Management of Multilateral Loans and Grants based on Government Regulation Number 10 of 2011 covers planning, negotiations and agreements, and changes to agreements. Throughout loan implementation, it is possible for several changes to occur to adjust conditions during the implementation of activities such as delays in implementation, institutional restructuring, changes in exchange rates, and several other specific conditions. In certain cases, proposed changes can include changing the executing agency and/or implementing agency,
changing objectives, or canceling the entire project. Recommendations provided by the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas regarding proposed changes to multilateral loan and grant agreements can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of project implementation in achieving project goals or vice versa. Considering the implications of the recommendation, formulas and criteria are needed to support the decision-making process regarding proposed changes submitted by the executing agency.
This multilateral loan and grant evaluation activity produces recommendations for the format of an explanatory note document, which contains key information in the form of project background and conditions, proposed amendments, justification for the proposal, recommendations for follow-up, and analysis of the impact of the amendments. Furthermore, Bappenas can assesses the proposed amendments against four key aspects, namely relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability/impact. By having a standard format for explanatory notes and key assessment aspects, the effectiveness of the multilateral loan and grant amendment process is expected to be increased.
May - July 2019
The Future Energy for All - Research Project
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
As a big country with a population of 24 million, Indonesia relies on coal and oil as energy sources. The consumption and demand for energy are increasing over time. Long-term policy and planning are needed to ensure energy availability for national development. Indonesia has committed to increase renewable energy to 31% in 2030, parallel with the plan to reduce carbon emissions by 29% in 2030. The PSII got funding from Airmas EMC to conduct desk research to describe Indonesia's condition and future energy. The output of the project is a special publication in energy.
Achievement
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Published Newsletter
May - July 2019
Study on the Development of Kali Besar Area, Old Town, as a Public Space
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
Urban public spaces are essential to the city, serving as places for the community to engage in various activities. The placemaking approach is a concept that emphasizes the strengthening, development, and utilization of public spaces by highlighting their character, culture, and function and involving various stakeholders. This study utilizes the placemaking approach to examine the results of the revitalization of the Kali Besar area as a form of providing public space. The research employs a qualitative approach through field observations, document analysis, and interviews with the community using the Kali Besar area.
The study reveals that revitalizing the Kali Besar area can fulfill several factors in the placemaking process. As a public space, Kali Besar has been equipped with good accessibility and a comfortable environment. However, the area still needs to be encouraged with various public activities initiated by the community and local organizations, making it more inclusive and appealing to different layers of society.
Achievement
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Published Journal : Study on the Development of Kali Besar Area, Old Town, as a Public Space
May - July 2019
Study on Implementation of Building Permit (IMB) in Denpasar City with Local Perspective as a Sustainable Spatial Plan Initiative
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
Population density is a complex problem related to environmental sustainability and limited land for settlements, resulting in slums and illegal settlements in urban areas. As a tourist destination, the city needs help realizing sustainable spatial planning. An effort was made to enforce the granting of Building Permits (IMB) as one of the efforts to control and supervise sustainable spatial planning as stated in the Mayor Regulation No. 5 of 2015 concerning Building. However, in its implementation, challenges are faced to achieve sustainable spatial planning, including the lack of public awareness of IMB, the absence of certainty of guarantees when conducting IMB, IMB is one of the sources of regional income, and the low commitment to control and supervision in issuing IMB.
This study learned that in realizing sustainable spatial planning through building permits, it must be accompanied by a commitment to control and supervision in accordance with the laws and regulations and efforts to foster public awareness to have an IMB is not just a coffer of Regional Original Revenue (PAD), but also provides a guarantee of environmental and social balance for the community. In addition to the principle of local knowledge held by the Balinese people, Tri Hita Karana, which emphasizes the balance of relationships between humans and God, humans and humans and the environment, provides a positive concept that can be implemented in controlling spatial planning in Denpasar City.
Achievement
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Published Journal: Study on Implementation of Building Permit (IMB) in Denpasar City with Local Perspective as a Sustainable Spatial Plan Initiative
November 2018 - April 2019
White paper for Renewable Energy (RE) investment 2020-2024
Partner/Client : Global Green Growth Institute and Ministry of National Development Planning ( Bappenas)
Description
Currently, the urban population in Indonesia exceeds that of rural areas. In 2020, an estimated 56.7% of Indonesia's population resided in urban areas, and this proportion is projected to increase further to 66.7% by 2035. The population growth can have implications for the increased energy consumption to meet the needs of the population's social, economic, and mobility activities. Efforts to meet these needs often lead to the development of urban areas that tend to be less planned and evolve organically. Sprawling urban development requires pipes and cables five times longer,
energy for heating and cooling five times greater, building materials twice as much, motor vehicles twice as many, and travel time four times longer. Additionally, sprawling cities utilized 35 times more land and paved road space, which is 15 times larger than compact cities.
This policy paper will analyze various issues in implementing urban energy efficiency and formulate policy recommendations to address these challenges. The analysis will utilize the Regulatory Impact Assessment and Strategic Environment Assessment. The outcomes of this analysis will serve as a background study for energy efficiency planning in urban areas to support Bappenas during the formulation of the RPJMN 2020-2024.
Achievement
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Final Report of Study
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Detailing the scope and scale of the two studies to assess the methodology to be applied and main policies/planning processes to be targeted
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Determining the research design and timeframe with BAPPENAS and GGGI
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Conducting a desk review for the studies, policy evaluation using 4 criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and institutional feasibility
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Providing recommendation of the suitable method to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of policy and regulations in energy-efficient cities
November 2018 - April 2019
White paper for Renewable Energy (RE) investment 2020-2024
Partner/Client : Global Green Growth Institute and Ministry of National Development Planning ( Bappenas)
Description
In setting the course of Indonesia’s development to achieve its social and economic development goals, the 20-year National Development Plan (RPJPN 2005-2025) is an important tool and entry point. It is assessed that previous RPJMN’s did not yet reach their full potential, especially in relation to the energy sector. In general, various challenges and obstacles exist to further development of the optimal energy mix and energy intensity targets. Knowing these lessons from the previous RPJMN’s, the fourth RPJMN will focus on improving existing RE and energy efficiency regulations, developing a a strategy
for special funding mechanisms and the potential use of smart-grid. The fourth RPJMN 2020-2024 will also incorporate Environmental Law No. 32/2009 as part of the planning process for policies, plans and/or projects/programs as an environmental strategy.
Achievement
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Final Report of Study
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Detailing the scope and scale of the two studies to assess the methodology to be applied and main policies/planning processes to be targeted
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Determining the research design and timeframe with BAPPENAS and GGGI
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Conducting a desk review for the studies, policy evaluation using 4 criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and institutional feasibility
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Providing recommendation of the suitable method to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of policy and regulations in renewable energy investment
February 2019
Study of Universal Pre-Primary Education in the District of Bogor, West Java Province (Midline)
Partner/Client : Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)
Description
A year after the baseline study 2018, the universal pre-primary education study in Bogor Regency continued to the midline study. The midline study comprehensively described the learning environment (ECD/PAUD), family background, home environment, supportive conditions (local government policies), and other pertinent factors, including nutrition, sanitation, water, cleanliness, and child protection. While the baseline study involved children in the data collection process, the midline study specifically concentrated on 100 ECD centers that received Direct Intervention (DI) and 35 out of 40 ECD centers without intervention (Non-Intervention/NI) across 20 sub-districts.
PSII supported this study by developing KOBO Open Data Kit (ODK) tools for data collection. It allowed the enumerators to access questionnaires and interview guidelines and report the direct observation notes in remote villages. PSII conducted daily data monitoring to minimize outlier data and suggest corrective action if necessary. Lastly, PSII provided data cleaning and primary analysis to assist further assessment by the UNICEF and ACER teams.
Achievement
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Established KOBO ODK Collect Toolbox for data collection
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Primary data analysis of learning environment, family background, home environment, local government policies, and other pertinent factors, including nutrition, sanitation, water, cleanliness, and child protection.
June 2018
Study of Universal Pre-Primary Education in the District of Bogor, West Java Province (BASEline)
Partner/Client : Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)
Description
With support from the IKEA Foundation, UNICEF and the government of Indonesia have partnered to model universal pre-primary education in Bogor District in West Java province (the Program). This Program aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.2, which is aimed at ensuring children get the best start in life through participating in quality early childhood development (ECD) programs (including pre-primary education in the year before commencing school) and are developmentally on track in terms of language acquisition, brain development, cognitive skills, social and emotional development and wellbeing, physical and motor development, school readiness, and ultimately better learning outcomes in school and higher levels of education.
PSII supported this study by conducting preliminary data analysis about social skills, helping behaviors, physical development, language and literacy, pre-mathematics, executive function, writing, and fine monitoring skills were collected. Further, the analysis was utilized by ECD experts under the UNICEF and ACER teams for recommendation and policy formulation. Midline and endline studies were conducted in 2019 and 2020, respectively, revisiting aspects such as learning achievements, the quality of ECD programs, and the characteristics of home environments.
Achievement
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A quantitative analysis of 4,253 participants using the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) and the Measuring Early Learning Quality and Outcomes (MELQO) instrument.
2017
The Enlightenment of Urban Park and A Parks It’s Happening
Partner/Client : Independent
Description
The existence of urban parks around us is unexpectedly important in promoting sustainable urban development. Nowadays, urban areas house more than half the population of the world, and they all need facilities that support citizen prosperity. One of these facilities is the urban park. The attraction of urban park as a place to socialize with playground and exercising facilities can encourage citizens to visit more, fostering a sense of ownership and familial bond towards parks.
A growing sense of park ownership can foster the desire to maintain the parks and the city themselves, creating a safer and more comfortable city. From an urban health perspective, visits to parks to relax can reduce the stress level of urban citizens, which can be one of the ways to increase the happiness level of citizens. The positive effects of parks to our environment are also not to be underestimated. Aside from producing oxygen, parks can also become a drainage system and temperature regulator. A city with adequate parks will enhance the physical and mental health of its citizens as well as provide green space to balance the environmental effects of commercial and residential development.
The research study the behavioural pattern of visits to Indonesian parks, explore the responses of the government and academics regarding the existence of parks and green open spaces in urban areas, the understanding government programs aimed at creating a better city through the green city movement closely tied to the presence of public spaces such as parks. Additionally, we present Q&A results related to parks from a highly experienced professor in urban management.
Achievement
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Published Newsletter the Enlightenment of Urban Park
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Published Newsletter A Parks It’s Happening
Tantangan global perubahan iklim dan peningkatan risiko bencana kian mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk risiko transmisi virus ke manusia. Pada tahun 2020, pandemi COVID-19 secara global dirasakan sebagai kejadian yang tidak terduga, meskipun Flu Spanyol telah terjadi satu abad yang lalu (WHO, 2020).
PSII melakukan studi kualitatif untuk mengetahui perspektif masyarakat terdampak sebagai individu, kelompok masyarakat, dan organisasi atau entitas bisnis dalam menghadapi kejadian pandemi sebagai 'unprecedented event'. Hasilnya menunjukkan terdapat ambiguitas dari kejadian COVID-19 dalam perspektif bencana yang umumnya terkait dengan kejadian fisik, seperti gempa bumi, banjir, dan kekeringan. Kejadian COVID-19 membuat masyarakat secara cepat mengakuisisi pengetahuan dan kebiasaan baru. Kami melihat bahwa penanganan yang tidak koheren dan semrawut dapat menimbulkan rasa tidak aman bagi masyarakat, sebaliknya dengan memperhatikan konteks sosial, kapasitas dan perilaku masyarakat dapat mendukung terciptanya ketahanan di perkotaan- PSII 2020
Pengambilan keputusan pada kegiatan paska-bencana
Proses pengambilan keputusan pada saat penanganan paska bencana harus dilaksanakan secara cepat, dengan melibatkan jumlah institusi dan personal yang besar dari berbagai latar belakang dan keilmuan.
Belajar dari pengalaman bencana Palu 2018, temuan dari penelitian kami, terdapat beberapa tantangan: pengambilan keputusan yang ad-hoc dan chaotic, proses kebijakan yang lemah, pentingnya proses fasilitasi dan livelihood program, kebutuhan lahan hunian sementara yang sangat memerlukan intervensi pemerintah, dan hunian sementara yang tidak dimanfaatkan.
Pentingnya data dan akusisi pengetahuan secara cepat menjadi kunci dalam penanganan kegiatan paska bencana. Adanya platform desiminasi informasi yang dapat dimanfaatkan secara bersama dapat mendukung pelaksanaan kegiatan yang melibatkan banyak pihak dan institusi - dalam negeri maupun internasional - PSII 2020
Perencanaan kota hemat energi dan rendah karbon
Kota mengonsumsi energi secara masif. Hasil dari penelitian kami menunjukan korelasi positif antara luas kawasan perkotaan dengan jumlah energi yang dikonsumsi. Kota yang direncanakan dengan mengedepankan transportasi publik, ramah transportasi non-mesin serta kompak dapat mengurangi konsumsi energi fosil secara signifikan dan mampu mewujudkan kota rendah karbon - PSII 2019
Ibukota baru, peluang mewujudkan kota yang rendah karbon dan ramah energi
Pemindahan dan rencana pembangunan ibu kota baru memberikan peluang bagi Indonesia mewujudkan kota yang modern, layak huni, rendah karbon dan berkelanjutan. Pertimbangan pemindahan ibu kota mempertimbangkan (Stephenson, 1970; Gottman, 1983): i) kualitas lingkungan dan kehidupan perkotaan; ii) pengurangan tekanan kebutuhan infrastruktur yang sangat besar; iii) Keterbatasan lahan pemerintah di ibu kota saat ini untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan ruang dan layanan pemerintahan; dan iv) peningkatan pusat pelayanan publik yang terencana yang didukung dengan teknologi dan fasilitas yang cukup untuk melayani dengan efektif dan efisien.
Membangun kota baru lebih memungkinkan untuk dapat merealisasikan rencana dan rancangan dengan meminimalkan dampak sosial yang mungkin timbul selama proses pembangunan. Agenda kota berkelanjutan dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu tema penting dalam pembangunan kota yang baru diperkenalkan beberapa tahun terakhir, seperti konsep kota kompak dan mixed use yang dirancang dengan pendekatan TOD dengan didukung adanya modal split. Salah satu temuan dari penelian kami menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan kota yang mengedepankan rancangan kota kompak lebih efisien energi dan rendah karbon dengan adanya dukungan dari angkutan umum massal dan mobilitas tanpa kendaraan bermotor. Rancangan ini menjadi perwujudan ibu kota yang layak huni dan berkelanjutan- PSII 2019
Pengembangan Kawasan Kali Besar, Kota Tua sebagai Ruang Publik
Ruang publik perkotaan merupakan bagian penting dalam kota sebagai tempat bagi masyarakat untuk melakukan berbagai aktivitas. Pendekatan placemaking merupakan salah satu konsep penguatan, pengembangan, dan pemanfaatan ruang publik dengan mengedepankan karakter, budaya, fungsi, dan keterlibatan berbagai pihak.
Studi ini memakai pendekatan placemaking untuk melihat hasil revitalisasi Kawasan Kali Besar sebagai salah satu bentuk penyediaan ruang publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan, analisis dokumen, dan wawancara dengan masyarakat pengguna Kawasan Kali Besar. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi Kawasan Kali Besar dapat memenuhi beberapa faktor dari proses placemaking.
Kawas`an Kali Besar sebagai ruang publik telah dilengkapi dengan aksesibilitas yang baik dan lingkungan yang nyaman, namun kawasan ini masih perlu didorong dengan berbagai aktivitas publik yang dapat diinisiasi oleh masyarakat dan komunitas sehingga bersifat lebih inklusif dan dapat menarik berbagai lapisan masyarakat. - PSII 2019
